Root Canal

Root Canal Therapy, often referred to simply as a "root canal," is a highly effective endodontic procedure designed to save a tooth that has become severely infected or damaged in its innermost part, known as the pulp. The pulp, located at the center of the tooth, contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue, extending from the crown to the tips of the tooth roots. When this pulp becomes inflamed or infected due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the tooth, cracks, or chips, it can lead to severe pain, swelling, and even an abscess if left untreated. Historically, such conditions often led to tooth extraction, but modern root canal therapy offers a viable and preferable alternative, preserving your natural tooth.

The procedure typically begins with a thorough examination, including X-rays, to assess the extent of the infection and the anatomy of the root canals. Local anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding area, ensuring a comfortable and pain-free experience for the patient. A small protective sheet called a dental dam is then placed around the tooth to isolate it, keeping it clean and free of saliva and bacteria during the procedure. The dentist then creates a small access opening in the crown of the tooth to reach the pulp chamber and root canals.

Using very fine instruments, the infected and inflamed pulp is carefully removed from the pulp chamber and the root canals. This crucial step eliminates the source of the infection and alleviates the pain. The root canals, which are naturally very narrow, are then meticulously cleaned, shaped, and disinfected. This shaping process prepares the canals for filling and ensures all infected material is removed. Irrigation solutions are used throughout this process to wash away debris and disinfect the canals.

Once the canals are thoroughly cleaned and shaped, they are filled with a biocompatible, rubber-like material called gutta-percha. This material, often combined with a dental sealer, is carefully placed into the canals to completely fill them and prevent future bacterial contamination. The access opening in the crown of the tooth is then sealed with a temporary or permanent filling. In some cases, if the infection is extensive, a temporary medication may be placed inside the tooth, and a second appointment scheduled for the final filling.

After a root canal, the treated tooth, while still functional, may become more brittle because it no longer has its living pulp for nourishment. Therefore, it is highly recommended to protect the tooth with a dental crown. A crown provides strength and prevents the treated tooth from fracturing, especially for molars and premolars that endure significant chewing forces. Without a crown, the tooth is vulnerable to cracking, which could necessitate extraction despite the root canal.

The success rate of root canal therapy is very high, often exceeding 95%. It is a testament to the advancements in dentistry, allowing patients to retain their natural teeth, which is always preferable to extraction. Saving your natural tooth preserves your bite, avoids the need for prosthetic replacements like bridges or implants (though these are excellent options when a tooth cannot be saved), and helps maintain the health of adjacent teeth. Post-procedure care involves good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups. While the thought of a root canal might seem daunting, our team is committed to making the experience as comfortable and efficient as possible, ensuring you leave with relief and a preserved smile.